The vitreous body is a transparent, gel-like substance that fills the space between the crystalline lens and the retina, helping to maintain the shape of the eye and to transmit light. It is composed mainly of water, collagen, and hyaluronic acid, produced by hyalocytes.

With aging, inflammatory processes, or trauma, collagen fibers undergo structural changes and aggregate, leading to vitreous liquefaction and the appearance of floaters (myodesopsia), perceived as moving shadows or filaments. These alterations can reduce visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and quality of life, and may sometimes progress to posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), increasing the risk of retinal complications.